Unraveling the History of Sagrada Familia
Inception and Early Years
Sagrada Familia, Barcelona's most iconic landmark, has a rich and fascinating history that spans over a century. The story of the construction started in 1882 when construction first commenced under the guidance of architect Francisco de Paula del Villar. Villar envisioned a grand basilica in the Gothic style dedicated to the Holy Family.
Antoni Gaudí
In 1883, the project took a turn when Antoni Gaudí was appointed as the chief architect. Gaudí's visionary designs and innovative techniques breathed new life into Sagrada Familia, shaping it into the iconic masterpiece we know today. Gaudí revolutionized the entire project, accentuating organic forms and details inspired by nature. A deeply religious man, Gaudí placed particular emphasis on intricate details that could only be fully appreciated from above, such as spires and cranes, turning them into truly unique and unprecedented gems.
As you visit Sagrada Familia today, you will fast recognise the details created by Gaudí himself:
- Nativity Facade: One of the most intricate and ornate facades of Sagrada Familia, depicting scenes from the birth of Jesus Christ.
- Crypt and Apse: Gaudí oversaw the construction of the crypt and apse, the lower sections of the basilica, which feature his signature style characterized by organic shapes and intricate ornamentation.
- Tower of Jesus Christ: A central tower dedicated to Jesus Christ, intended to be the tallest spire of Sagrada Familia. While the tower remains unfinished, its design and concept were conceptualized by Gaudí.
Josep Puig i Cadafalch
Josep Puig i Cadafalch, Gaudí's collaborator and successor, played a crucial role in the continuation and completion of Sagrada Familia following Gaudí's death. He made significant contributions to the basilica, including:
- Passion Facade, which depicts the suffering and death of Jesus Christ.
- Nave and Transept.
- Completion of Towers: Puig i Cadafalch played a key role in overseeing the completion of several towers of Sagrada Familia, ensuring that they were constructed in accordance with Gaudí's vision and design principles.
Interruption and Resumption
Despite Gaudí's fervent dedication to Sagrada Familia, progress was slow due to funding shortages and technical challenges. From its inception to the present day, the construction has been solely funded by donations. In 1926, Gaudí tragically passed away. The Spanish Civil War disrupted construction. The construction site was ransacked and many of Gaudí's plans and models were destroyed. For decades, Sagrada Familia languished in a state of partial completion, with its future uncertain.
Revival and Continuation
In the 1950s, Barcelona initiated the construction anew, as architects and craftsmen endeavored to pay homage to Gaudí's legacy and bring his vision to fruition. Supported by private donations and, more recently, tourism revenue, construction gradually recommenced, drawing upon preserved fragments of Gaudí's original plans and the interpretations of subsequent architects.
Modern-Day Progress
Today, Sagrada Familia stands as a testament to the enduring spirit of creativity and perseverance. Despite ongoing construction, the basilica continues to attract millions of visitors from around the world. With completion projected for 2026, on the centennial of Gaudí's death, Sagrada Familia serves as a timeless tribute to the power of art, faith, and human ingenuity.